Thế giới mà chúng ta đang sống là thế giới của dục vọng. Mọi chúng sanh được sinh ra và tồn tại như là một sự kết hợp của những dục vọng.
Theo Kinh Kim Cang, phàm cái gì có hình tướng đều là pháp hữu vi. Pháp hữu vi cũng giống như một giấc mộng, mộ thứ huyễn hóa, một cái bọt nước, hay một cái bóng hình, một tia điển chớp, toàn là những thứ hư vọng, không có thực chất. Hết thảy mọi thứ đều phải quán như vậy, mới có thể hiểu minh bạch lẽ chân thật, để chúng ta không chấp trước, không bị vọng tưởng quấy nhiễu.
“Hết thảy các pháp hữu vi Như mộng, huyễn, bào, ảnh. Như sương, như điển chớp Nên quan sát chúng như vậy.” Theo Kinh Tứ Thập Nhị Chương, Chương 18, Đức Phật dạy: “Pháp của ta là niệm mà không còn chủ thể niệm và đối tượng niệm; làm mà không còn chủ thể làm và đối tượng làm; nói mà không có chủ thể nói và đối tượng nói; tu mà không còn chủ thể tu và đối tượng tu. Người ngộ thì rất gần, kẻ mê thì rất xa. Dứt đường ngôn ngữ, không bị ràng buộc bất cứ cái gì. Sai đi một ly thì mất tức khắc.”
Non-Attachment
Our world is a world of desire. Every living being comes forth from desire and endures as a combination of desires. We are born from the desires of our father and mother. Then, when we emerge into this world, we become infatuated with many things, and become ourselves well-springs of desire. We relish physical comforts and the enjoyments of the senses. Thus, we are strongly attached to the body. But if we consider this attachment, we will see that this is a potential source of sufferings and afflictions. For the body is constantly changing. We wish we could remain alive forever, but moment after moment the body is passing from youth to old age, from life to death. We may be happy while we are young and strong, but when we contemplate sickness, old age, and the ever present threat of death, anxiety overwhelms us. Thus, we seek to elude the inevitable by evading the thought of it. The lust for life and the fear of death are forms of attachment. We are also attached to our clothes, our car, our storied houses, and our wealth. Besides, we are also attached to memories concerning the past or anticipations of the future.
Zen practitioners should always have this attitude ‘Looking but not seeing, hearing but not listening, smelling but not noticing the scent.’ Why is it described as ‘looking, but not seeing?’ Because the person is returning the light to shine within, and introspecting. Why is it ‘hearing, but not listening?’ Because he is turning the hearing to listen his own nature. Why does it say, ‘smelling, but not noticing the scent?’ Because he has gathered back his body and mind, and is not disturbed any longer by scent. At this time, the cultivator’s eyes contemplate physical forms, but the forms do not exist for him. His ears hears sounds, but the sounds do not exist for him. His nose smells scents, but those scents do not exist for him. His tongue tastes flavors, but for him, those flavors do not exist. His body feels sensations, but does not attach itself to those sensations. His mind knows of things, but does not attach to them.
According to the Vajra Sutra, anything with shape or form is considered a “dharma born of conditions.” All things born of conditions are like dreams, illusory transformations, bubbles of foam, and shadows. Like dewdrops and lightning, they are false and unreal. By contemplating everything in this way, we will be able to understand the truth, let go of attachments, and put an end to random thoughts.
“All things born of conditions are like dreams,
Like illusions, bubbles, and shadows;
Like dewdrops, like flashes of lightning:
Contemplate them in these ways.”
According to the Sutra In Forty-Two Sections, Chapter 18, the Buddha said: “My Dharma is the mindfulness that is both mindfulness and no-mindfulness. It is the practice that is both practice and non-practice. It is words that are words and non-words. It is cultivation that is cultivation and non-cultivation. Those who understand are near to it; those who are confused are far from it indeed. The path of words and language is cut off; it cannot be categorized as a thing. If you are off (removed) by a hair’s breadth, you lose it in an instant.”
Thiện Phúc
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